Whenever the brake shoes are replaced, the return and hold-down springs should also be replaced due to the continuous heating and cooling cycle that causes the springs to lose tension over time, potentially allowing the shoes to drag on the drum and wear more quickly. Begin by loosening the wheel lug nuts, raising the rear of the vehicle, and securely supporting it on jackstands. Block the front wheels to prevent rolling, then remove the rear wheels and release the parking brake. Next, remove the rear wheel bearing cap, spindle nut, and washer, and slide the hub/drum assembly straight off the spindle. It is important to work on only one brake assembly at a time to avoid mixing up parts, as all four rear brake shoes must be replaced simultaneously. Before reinstalling the drum, ensure the brake shoes are retracted for easy installation. Check the drum for cracks, score marks, deep scratches, and hard spots, which appear as small discolored areas; if hard spots cannot be removed with fine emery cloth or if any other issues are present, the drum should be machined at an automotive shop. Professionals recommend resurfacing the drums during a brake job to prevent out-of-round conditions. If the drums are excessively worn and cannot be resurfaced without exceeding the maximum allowable diameter, new drums will be necessary. If you choose not to resurface, at least remove any glazing with sandpaper or emery cloth using a swirling motion. Install the brake drum and bearing unit, along with the washer and a new spindle nut, tightening the nut to the specified torque. Use a narrow screwdriver or brake adjusting tool through the adjustment hole in the backing plate to turn the star wheel until the brakes drag slightly, then adjust until the shoes do not drag and the drum turns freely. Mount the wheel, install the lug nuts, lower the vehicle, and tighten the lug nuts to the specified torque. Depress the brake pedal several times, then drive the vehicle backwards and forwards while applying the brakes forcefully to bring the brake shoes into proper adjustment. Finally, check brake operation carefully before driving; do not operate the vehicle if there are doubts about the effectiveness of the brake system.
